Akbar Ahmadi Asour; Mohammad Hossein Saghi; Ramezanali Khamirchi; Tahereh Vaziri; Ayyob Rastegar
Volume 20, Issue 2 , May and June 2013, , Pages 222-229
Abstract
Introduction: Unnecessary use of chemical manure in order to increase the crop production, particularly in the agricultural sector, causes environmental damages and disorder in terms of soil fertility. In the manure preparation method through the biogas, organic manure of high quality can be produced ...
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Introduction: Unnecessary use of chemical manure in order to increase the crop production, particularly in the agricultural sector, causes environmental damages and disorder in terms of soil fertility. In the manure preparation method through the biogas, organic manure of high quality can be produced in addition to obtaining gas. The purpose of this study is to examine the physical as well as chemical properties of the manure produced by the combined wastes of livestock and poultry using biogas system.
Research method: In order to put the pilot project into operation, livestock and poultry wastes were primarily collected and were added to the planned pilot in a proportional ratio of 1:2. After about two months, the produced gas was measured and the parameters of the manure were analyzed according to the pilot sample and subsequently, they were compared with the existing standards. Using EXCEL, the gathered data were analyzed.
Results: PH rate obtained from the manure was estimated to be 7.2. Reportedly, the electrical conductivity of the sample was equal to 29.53 ml. Siemens/cm. and the humidity was 5%. The organic compounds in the sample were 8.19% and ash was 8.58%. Furthermore, the rate of the organic carbon for the sample was 40% and the size of the uniformed particles was of the highest mesh, i.e. 50. The manure obtained has a phosphorous concentration of 1 mg/l and the sodium concentration obtained were 94 mg/l and potassium 74 mg/l.
Discussion and conclusion: Findings indicate that the rate of organic materials, phosphorus, ash and organic carbon are consistent with the standards set by WHO. With regard to low cost, availability, being danger-free and enriched as well as the simultaneous use of the gas produced, the manure obtained through the biogas can be considered a suitable kind of manure for agriculture.
Tahereh Vazeiri; Abolfaz Rahmani Sani; Ahmad Allahabadi; MohammadHossein Saghi; Reza Hekmatshoar
Volume 19, Issue 2 , May and June 2012, , Pages 127-135
Abstract
Background: The biosorption process has found numerous applications due to low cost, availability, biosorbent reuse, and utilization of excess sludge from wastewater treatment facilities. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficiency of dried activated sludge in removing Reactive Orange ...
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Background: The biosorption process has found numerous applications due to low cost, availability, biosorbent reuse, and utilization of excess sludge from wastewater treatment facilities. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficiency of dried activated sludge in removing Reactive Orange 3R dye. Materials and methods: For this experimental, laboratory study, dye solutions were prepared in three concentrations: 50, 100, and 150 mg/L. The solutions were then subjected to adsorbent in weights 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 g for various durations (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3 hours) in different pH levels (4, 7, and 12). Data was analyzed using Excel software. Results: Increasing contact time from 0.5h to 3h, the dye removal efficiency increased from 56% to 76%. When the weight of the biomass increased from 0.2g to 0.8g, the dye removal efficiency increased from 58% to 72%. High initial iron concentration had an adverse effect on iron removal efficiency. Increasing initial dye concentration from 50 to 150 mg/L decreased iron removal efficiency from 71% to 62%. Freundlich isotherm models could describe the adsorption equilibrium of the dye onto the activated sludge. Freundlich isotherm represented a better correlation compared to other isotherms (R2>0.952). Also, second-order models fit well with experimental data (R2>0.979). Conclusion: This technology for dye removal from industrial wastewater, in addition to the optimal use of biomass from wastewater, can help resolve the environmental problem of wastewater dye excretion.